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Frontal Midline Theta
Rhythm (Fmθ) and Blinking · Causes of Frontal Midline
Theta Rhythm (Fmθ) · Study Causes of Frontal
Midline Theta Rhythm (Fmθ) "Conditions that
require continuous attention in the performance of various mental
tasks often evoke frontal midline theta rhythm (Fmθ)
in electroencephalogram (EEG)." Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games · "During mental
tasks, usually using a serial addition by Uchida-Kraepelin
test (Kurahashi et al. 1957), 6 - 7 Hz theta
rhythms are often evoked at the frontal midline area in EEG, it was called 'Fmθ' (Ishihara and Yoshii, 1972). · Previous studies have
suggested that Fmθ appearance corresponds to
the concentration of attention (Mizuki et al
1980, Yamaguchi,Y 1981,
Nakashima et al. 1992,1993)." Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games "Ishihara (1991) compared Fmq appearance time induced by various tasks and reported
that persistent operation accompanied by tension at a definite
level is one of the conditions of the task which induces Fmq. Tetris game has more of these factors than
other tasks." Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games · "Blink rate has
been shown to reflect the state of subjects' interest or attention in
tasks (Tada et al. 1978, Fukuda et al. 1983, Stern et al. 1984). · Blink rate decreases
for high mental load (Holland and Tarlow 1972) or
interesting video stimuli (Tada 1986, Yamada et al. 1991) and it peaks
when the attention level abruptly drops after the stimulus (Stern
et al. 1984)." Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games Description "In this study,
using videogames which would be an interesting task for young subjects
[interest in a task would affect blinking], we attempted to clarify that a state
of attention is reflected in enhancement of Fmθ
bursts and decrease of spontaneous blinks. Subjects were 12
students. Tasks were playing three different videogames (Nintendo's Super
Mario 3, Othello and Tetris 2) for 10 min, respectively,
interposing rest for 2 min. During games subjects were required to reply to oddball
sound [an interruption]. EEG, electrooculogram
(EOG), and a picture of videogames were continuously recorded during
experiments. The experiment was repeated for each subject on 3
intermittent days." Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games Results Results: Task that Evoked the Most
Concentration (Fmθ) and Interest (decrease in
blinking) "Fmθ appeared significantly more in
the Tetris game compared to the Mario and Othello games [and also more
than the addition task], but blinks in the Tetris game significantly
decreased compared to those." Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games Results: Events which Disrupted Concentration (Fmθ) and Interest (increase in blinking) "In the
performance of videogames, Fmθ
disappeared just before a subject manipulated the key button after
thinking the next move or suffered interruption due to failure of
manipulation, and subsequently blink bursts often followed." Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games Results: Events which DisruptedConcentration (Fmθ)
but not Interest (decrease in blinking) "Though Fmθ likewise disappeared due to replying to oddball
sound, blink bursts did not follow." Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games Results: Short Term
Effects (3 days) on Concentration and Interest "In Fmθ appearance time, a significant main effect was
found on games (F(2,22)=10.26, p<0.001). Multiple
comparisons suggested that Fmθ significantly
increased in Tetris more than in Mario… and Othello" Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games "Multiple
comparisons suggested that blink rates significantly decreased in Tetris
more than in Mario…and Othello" Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games Results: Summary · "These results
suggest that one of the important factors inducing Fmθ
and suppressing blinks is to keep the constant level of thinking
without losing contact with performing the task. · Though disappearance
of Fmθ would correspond to interruption
of the fixed contact with the task, following appearance of blink
bursts may require a change of emotion in addition to the
interruption of attention." Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games Reducing Computer Usage If you would like to
experience increased Fmθ, but want to reduce
the amount of time you spend in front of a computer, you might want to
consider purchasing a 'pocket' or 'handheld' version of Tetris (about $10 to
$15 US). Dry Eye Syndrome "Long time playing
videogames like Tetris which induces long lasting inhibition of blinks, might
affect visual functional disorder such as dry eyes (Tsubota et al 1996)." Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games Too Easy or Too
Difficult "When the task
contains too much information or it is too easy or too difficult,
subjects are liable to think of things unrelated to the task, to lose
fixed contact with the task and Fmq
appears little." Attention and Eyeblinking
Activity during Different Types of Video Games Convergence Insufficiency · Vision: Binocular Functions: Convergence Insufficiency The Brain: Arithmetical Exercises Vision Suggestions: Mobility/Ocular Motility Vision Suggestions: Dry Eye Syndrome |